The importance of fostering social connections as a preventive measure against cognitive decline in older adults
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37387/ipc.v13i3.416Keywords:
Socialization, older adults, cognitive decline, multidomain interventions, social isolationAbstract
Building close social ties is crucial for the well-being and health of older adults, as it helps reduce loneliness and depression, while helping prevent cognitive decline. However, this population is particularly vulnerable to social isolation due to factors such as the loss of loved ones and age-related physical disabilities. Social isolation is a significant public health concern because of its strong links to chronic diseases and mental health disorders. Research indicates that the impact of social isolation on mortality is as severe as other well-established risk factors like smoking and hypertension, raising the likelihood of cognitive impairment and severely diminishing quality of life in old age. Social prescription programs and multidomain interventions that include social engagement components have proven effective in mitigating the negative effects of isolation. In Panama, the first multidomain intervention study for the prevention of cognitive decline in older adults was conducted, including physical, cognitive, and social interventions. Significant improvements were found in the combined intervention group, which participated in group cognitive sessions once a week for four months. This group was the only one to show a reduction in depressive symptoms, an improvement in quality of life, and cognitive enhancement. Although opportunities to foster socializing for this age group are limited, this pioneering study in Panama proves that such interventions are feasible and can play a role in promoting healthy aging. The benefits of these interventions not only directly impact participants but also generate broad positive effects on their families and communities.
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